Problem Statement: Today, the facades of new buildings are among the most important issues in the urban context and especially the Historical-cultural context of any city. Historic houses are one of the valuable architectural treasures that can provide experience for the facades of new buildings. Despite the importance of this issue and the need to achieve the architectural patterns of Historic houses, today there are scattered and few studies are available in this field. The present study seeks to answer how to use the facades of Historic houses in designing the facades of new buildings, by recognizing the pattern of Historic houses in Tabriz. Research objective: In this research, an attempt has been made to raise the awareness of the elements and architectural details of the facades of Historic houses to extract the patterns and methods used in their facades and to provide new patterns for new buildings by taking advantage of the current condition of Historic facades,At the same time, it aims to destroy the field of improper exploitation of the physical capabilities of Historic facades in today’, s conventional facades. Research method: In this regard, using a descriptive-analytical method, the situation and elements in the facade of the research’, s selected Historic houses were described and interpreted. After gathering the required data from both library and field methods, the components and elements of the Historic houses’,facades were analyzed. Conclusion: The method of applying the patterns and elements obtained from the analysis of the facades of the new buildings is the result of this study.

Traditional residential architecture of Iran has always been the basis for the formation of identity and civilizational culture due to its architectural qualities. The principle of transparency is one of the principles that have always been present in Iranian art and architecture, and along with it, the factor of culture and religion has always been challenging with a kind of transformation in the spatial structure of architecture that is evident in the Qajar period and its three periods of early, mid and late. The method of collecting information is documents and library. At first, according to the triple introspection introspection, spatial hierarchy and locating the type of spatial qualities and initial graphical analytics, and using A-graph software, the justification graph of case samples was drawn, then based on the geometric relations of space syntax, these variables were calculated in nine Qajar houses of Tabriz that were used to validate the calculations obtained from geometric relations Samples were analyzed in Depthmap software. The findings indicate that Ghadaki House with a score of 4 had the highest and Hariri and Salmasi houses had the lowest respect. The general result indicates that in the studied samples in the mid-Qajar period have the highest and the lowest degree of confidentiality due to the concept of transparency in the spatial structure. In Research The future can include the number of samples as well as climatic diversity in the research.

The main purpose of this study is to measure the depth index and its relationship with socio-cultural logic that is used in the software (Ucl depth map) to model 10 Historical houses in Kashan to study the components of total depth, relative depth and average spatial arrangement index for the whole building. In order to investigate the role of location of house components in improving performance efficiency, the depth index in these houses (Razzaqian, Abrishamchi, Almasi, Rezvanian, Fakhrehi, Mozaffari, fish water, Adel, Lajevardi, Bahi) in improving performance efficiency is studied. Takes. Findings showed that the spatial value is in line with the socio-cultural logic of Iranian-Islamic architecture in Kashan in relation to the system depth index. From the results of the diagrams, it is clear that in seven samples of the ten houses studied (Bahi, Mozaffari and Razzaqian, Abrishamchi, Almasi, Adel), In relation to three-door or five-door, it is observed that in the mentioned houses, this space is present in a relatively large number (more than two spaces), secondly, it does not have a fixed position in terms of depth and its position is different in each house. . Based on the results of this study, it was observed that the houses in the area, in general, have a shallow depth and its spatial hierarchy is not very complex and there are similar socio-cultural meanings in each house and the houses have a central core of the yard. It is the center of server and client areas.

2Objective: This research evaluates the validity of the hypothesis by investigating the five-door rooms, three-door rooms, and courtyards of Historic houses in Ahvaz. The study aims to answer the question of which adjustment systems of proportions are utilized in the geometry of these Historic houses. To assess the normality of the obtained data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was employed. Given the normality of the data, parametric tests were utilized to address the research hypotheses. Method: Among the teachings of Iranian architecture, two theories—“Iranian Golden Rectangle” and “Guz and Module”—have been particularly influential. This research evaluates the validity of the hypothesis by examining the five-door rooms, three-door rooms, and courtyards of Ahvaz Historic houses. The study seeks to determine which adjustment systems of proportions are applied in the geometry of these structures. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the data, and parametric tests were implemented based on this normality to test the research hypotheses. Results: Considering the actual conditions and plan patterns of Ahvaz houses, the variation coefficients derived from Guz and Module were found to be lower and closer to the real values compared to those obtained from the Iranian Golden Rectangle. This supports the acceptance of the Guz and Module hypothesis as the primary theory applied in the geometry of the investigated houses. Conclusions: Previous research on the geometry and proportions of Historical houses indicates that architects aimed to align the dimensions of spaces as closely as possible to specific geometric proportions. This study assessed the extent to which golden rectangle proportions have been utilized in Qajar-era houses in Ahvaz.

Iran's Historical Bazaars are a comprehensive example of Iranian indigenous culture and the social capital of these Bazaars can be explored in cultural and religious, social, economic, Historical, semantic, and spatial dimensions. Historical Bazaars have high environmental patterns and qualities with valuable spaces, traditions, events and structures that have been rich and dynamic social capital over time. This is undermined by the construction of contemporary passages and shopping malls with non-indigenous styles. This paper aims to explain the dimensions and qualities of social capital in Historical Bazaars and a case study of Tabriz's Historical Bazaar, using analytical-documentary research method and field survey. Historic Bazaars, with valuable patterns in the structure and components of indigenous traditions in spaces such as the Order, Timche, Serra, corridors, and mosques, carry a huge collection of consensus capital over time. Field survey research shows that items such as social interaction, participation in ceremonies and helping the needy, belonging and safety, attending mosques, and observing the rights of others have a mean score of 3. 76 and 3. 85 respectively. Social Capital in the Historical Bazaar of Tabriz Based on the Economic Basis, the Spatial and Physical System of Iranian-Islamic Culture Cultural and religious based on celebrations, mourning, religious beliefs, helping the needy, strong neighborly relations).

For a long time, Naraq plain has been accommodating different types of habitation, such as residential fields to mastery houses. Based on some evidences, Naraq’ s primary core is located in the western half of the town and in the Lower (Paien) neighborhood. In the further development of the town, the Upper (Bala) and Bazaar neighborhoods are formed in the east and north of the older neighborhood. House is the main constituent unit of each urban area, and houses determine the shape and atmosphere of the neighborhoods. Therefore, houses are an important part of the town, and their recognition, not only helps us in being familiar with the architectural features and habitat of a region, but also provides a better understanding of the settlement that includes houses. Nonetheless, houses in Naraq are more likely to be destroyed than the town itself, as many of them have been destroyed in recent decades. Destruction of these houses will lead to the disappearance of patterns of residence and the culture based on it; where houses are closely associated with the natural environment and natural landscape of the town and thus inevitable in the formation of the primary cores and the recent town. Based on this, the paper seeks to identify the most important examples and types of houses in Naraq in the form of a typological study. The research method of this study is based on field studies and survey, and analysis and interpretation of samples based on the main spaces and organs of the house. In this regard, all Historic houses of the Qajar period of the town, which were accessible, have been surveyed, their plans have been prepared and their spaces have been identified. In the following, efforts have been made to study the possibility of combining important spaces together and their role in the formation of a particular type of dwelling. During the study of twenty examples of Historic samples and based on their spatial organization, houses are categorized into three main types, called "formal", "vernacular" and "semi-formal". Based on the combination of mass and space and the type of yard, the formal type is divided into three sub-categories: "formal with central courtyard", "formal linear" and "formal combinatorial". The commonality of formal houses is their placement in a particular residential neighborhood (Upper neighborhood), and their major difference is the existence or absence of a pattern of terraced gardens around the town in the courtyards. The vernacular type, which has the highest density in the Lower neighborhood, is formed on the basis of the room and their composition, and based on the shape of the courtyards and the social class of the owner or owners can be divided into two sub-categories "family vernacular" and "communal vernacular" types. In the vernacular and the formal houses, the influence of the neighborhood indicator and the concentration of a particular type within one neighborhood are observed. But in the third category, which is socially belonging to the prosperous class living in the Lower neighborhood and it was built in the development period of the town and in accordance with the vernacular pattern, it cannot be identified by relying on the location of the house. The reason for this is indications of the presence of the pattern of formal houses in homes within the range of vernacular types. So in this third category, the patterns are combined.

In situations where, according to research, interactions among people are considered to be one of the most important human needs, this matter, for various reasons has been neglected and forgotten. Regardless of rationalizations such as cultural and economic reasons and so forth, the lack of spaces that have the ability to create such interactions seems to be certain. In the contemporary era, as compared to the past, houses no longer have spaces for social interaction. Meanwhile, a study of Iran's architecture and urban planning will indicate the making of social interactions in different spaces of Historical houses. This research has specifically considered the courtyards of Historical houses. Therefore, the basic question here is what were the intrinsic and external characteristics of spaces such as courtyards in Historical houses that could provide such a capability? In this regard, the goal of this study is to find out the reasons for the success of the courtyards of Historical houses in improving the level of social interaction from the perspective of the residents of these houses, because these people, due to their lived experience, can answer the question better than others. This research was done using systematic data-based theory. In this regard, conducting interviews and then analyzing the data led to the formation of a model that shows how, from the perspective of the residents, Historical courtyards, with facilities for collective gathering such as flexible design and having environmental capabilities, could achieve such a capability.

This paper examines the environmental conditions of basements in the hot arid city of Kashan. To this end, basements of traditional houses were chosen with depths ranging from 3 to 14 meters. Environmental data measured for these houses was then compared with the baseline data measured for the roof. A comparison was then made with thermal comfort conditions using Givoni Diagram. The results indicate that while the outdoor summer temperatures vary between 27o to 43 o Celsius, the average indoor temperature of the basement is always in the comfort range of 23 o to 29 o. The temperature fluctuations decrease with the depth of the basement. In deeper basements with little infiltration, the fluctuations are as small as only 1 o. Connecting the wind-catcher shafts to the basement is a clever solution to balance humidity and temperature for further human comfort.

What about friendly societies today is tourism, especially foreign tourists , Historic buildings and unique architecture that is used A vast amount of tourists every year from all over the world in countries with a genuine identity of ancient and Historical monuments are set. Therefore, due to the long history of Iran and Iranian identity is regarded by many of the world's tourist hotspot and the Historic city of Tabriz, with many monuments is no exception to this rule. Geo tourism the new approach in maintaining Historical heritage, natural and ecological knew with increasing public interest towards environmental protection phenomena, advances underlie the development of these areas will provide a Geo tourism of attachment of indigenous people to their environment more, the small local economies and enable new ideas to put forward local visitors This article compares the two techniques in geomorphology Pralvng and Pereira, tourism potential of Historic buildings has been evaluated in Tabriz. The results showed that both methods on various dimensions of empowerment it will measure of Historic buildings. Pereira-scale geomorphological and management methods, and the method has been evaluated Pralvng-scale Tourism and productivity. The field study based on both methods, the three sites: Tabriz Historic Bazaar architecture, And Meidan Saet and the Blue Mosque Tabriz Historic Bazaar highest score and Meidan Saet lowest score received. Accordingly both comprehensive approach towards tourism development programs offered.

To achieve an accurate understanding of a certain architecture, one needs to equally focus on explicit and implicit aspects of it, and this, in turn, requires the study of both a building’s physicality and the life lived in it. This applies to the concept of home which, as people’s main living space has more than physicality to it: it accommodates various layers of meaning, and results in an experiential-abstract blend of time and place. The accurate understanding of the home, therefore, is more than a physical understanding. Such concepts have been explored by a variety of researchers in different cultures. The present paper attempts to focus on Historic houses of Sanandaj, offering a reading that goes beyond the physical and into local living culture. The research adopts a qualitative approach on three levels: on one hand there is an analysis of the town’s general characteristics and its effects on houses, as well as an analytic-descriptive comparison between some examples, and on the other hand there is an analysis based on compatibilities of local living culture and architecture of local homes through and analysis of deep, semi-structured interviews. The results show that the main distinct features of Sanandaj homes are their relation with nature, the attention paid to exterior views whilst keeping privacy, their spatial hierarchies globally and in details, and the influence of authorities’ residences on them.